Die Großbotschaften Damian Hugo von Virmonts und Ibrahim Paschas (1719/20)Befehlsschreiben des Sultans; Istanbul, 11. März – 20. März 1720Sultan’s decree; Istanbul, March 11 – March 20, 1720Sultan’ın hükmü; İstanbul, 11 Mart - 20 Mart, 1720Unknownota1720-03-11 ~ 1720-03-20Düvel-i Ecnebiye DefteriRegister of Foreign StatesRegister ausländischer StaatenEflāḳ voyvodası Niḳolay voyvodaya ḥüküm ki:Eflak voyvodası Nikolay voyvodaya hüküm ki:Romā imperāṭorı ṭarafından āsitāne-i saʿādet-medāruma gelen büyükelçisi Cenerāl Ġrūf de Virmond ḫutimet ʿavāḳibühū bi-l-ḫayr südde-i saʿādetüme ʿarż-ı ḥāl gönderübRoma imperatorı tarafından asitane-i sa adet-medaruma gelen büyükelçisi Ceneral Ġruf de Virmond hutimet avakibühu bi-l-hayr südde-i sa adetüme arz-ı hal gönderübMemleket-i Eflāḳda potāz taʿbīr olunur bir nevʿi mīşe aġacı iḫrāḳından ḥāṣıl olan küli imperāṭor-ı müşārün ileyhüñ memleketinde çuḳa işleyenler istiʿmāl idegelmelerinden nāşı ḳadīmden tüccār vesāṭetiyle iştirā ve lüzūmı olan maḥallere naḳl ve īṣāl ve beyʿ ü şerā iderler iken biraz müddetden berü baʿżı ʿavārıż ve ʿillet ḥasebiyle ʿameli terk olunmaġın ṭarafeynüñ intifāsıyçün ke-mā fī’l-evvel ʿamel ve mābeynde temhīd ve teşyīd olunan dostluḳ ve muṣāfāta bināʾen ticāreti imperāṭor-ı müşārün ileyhüñ reʿāyāsına taḫṣīṣ olunmaḳ bābında istidʿā-yı ʿināyet itmeginMemleket-i Eflakda potaz ta bir olunur bir nev i mişe aġacı ihrakından hasıl olan küli imperator-ı müşarün ileyhüñ memleketinde çuka işleyenler isti mal idegelmelerinden naşı kadimden tüccar vesatetiyle iştira ve lüzumı olan mahallere nakl ve isal ve bey ü şera iderler iken biraz müddetden berü ba zı avarız ve illet hasebiyle ameli terk olunmaġın tarafeynüñ intifasıyçün ke-ma fi’l-evvel amel ve mabeynde temhid ve teşyid olunan dostluk ve musafata bina en ticareti imperator-ı müşarün ileyhüñ re ayasına tahsis olunmak babında istid a-yı inayet itmeginḫuṣūṣ-ı mezbūr müsāʿade-i hümāyūnum erzānī ḳılınmışdurhusus-ı mezbur müsa ade-i hümayunum erzani kılınmışdurimdi sen ki voyvoda-i mūmā ileyhsin vilāyet-i Eflaḳda her ne gūne mīşeden ne maḥallde iḥrāḳ ile kül ḥāṣıl olur ise rıżāsıyla işleyen Eflāḳ reʿāyāsı bu bahāne ile cizye ve tekālīfden muʿāf olmayub senüñ maʿrifetüñ ve neẓāretüñ ile işletdirilüb ve kül kārḫānesi taʿyīn eyledügüñ maḥall olub ve Devlet-i ʿAliyyemüñ umūr-ı mühimmesiyçün lāzım olan eşcār vechen mine’l-vücūh ḳaṭʿ olunmayub ḥāṣıl olacaḳ kül içün lāzım gelen gümrük daḫī ʿahdnāme-i hümāyūn mūcebince alınmaḳ üzere münāsib olan maḥallde müceddeden kārḫāne vażʿ ve taʿyīn ve ḥāṣıl olan küli der-maḥzen ve iştirā ve ticāretin imperāṭor-ı müşārün ileyhüñ reʿāyāsına taḫṣīṣ eyleyüb āḫar vilāyete naḳl idecek kimesneye imperāṭor-ı müşārün ileyhüñ reʿāyāsından ġayrı bir ferde beyʿ itdürmeyüb ẕikr olunan şürūṭ üzere niẓām virübimdi sen ki voyvoda-i muma ileyhsin vilayet-i Eflakda her ne gune mişeden ne mahallde ihrak ile kül hasıl olur ise rızasıyla işleyen Eflak re ayası bu bahane ile cizye ve tekalifden mu af olmayub senüñ ma rifetüñ ve nezaretüñ ile işletdirilüb ve kül karhanesi ta yin eyledügüñ mahall olub ve Devlet-i Aliyyemüñ umur-ı mühimmesiyçün lazım olan eşcar vechen mine’l-vücuh kat olunmayub hasıl olacak kül içün lazım gelen gümrük dahi ahdname-i hümayun mucebince alınmak üzere münasib olan mahallde müceddeden karhane vaz ve ta yin ve hasıl olan küli der-mahzen ve iştira ve ticaretin imperator-ı müşarün ileyhüñ re ayasına tahsis eyleyüb ahar vilayete nakl idecek kimesneye imperator-ı müşarün ileyhüñ re ayasından ġayrı bir ferde bey itdürmeyüb zikr olunan şürut üzere nizam virübve bu niẓāmuñ ʿale d-devām ṣiyānetinde işbu emr-i şerīf-i celīlü’l-ʿunvānuma düstūru’l-ʿamel ve dāʾimā mażmūn-ı münīfī ile ḥareket ve ʿamel olunmaḳ bābında fermān-ı ʿālī-şānum ṣādır olmışdur buyurdum ki. There is also a Vienna copy of this decree.ve bu nizamuñ ale d-devam siyanetinde işbu emr-i şerif-i celilü’l- unvanuma düsturu’l- amel ve da ima mazmun-ı münifi ile hareket ve amel olunmak babında ferman-ı ali-şanum sadır olmışdur buyurdum ki. There is also a Vienna copy of this decree.fī evāil-i Cā[Cemāẕiyye’l-evvel ] sene 1132fi evail-i Ca[Cemaziyye’l-evvel ] sene 1132Decree to the Voivode of Wallachia NicolaiGeneral [Damian Hugo] Count of Virmont—may God end his days propitiously—who came to my threshold of felicity as grand ambassador from the Roman emperor sent a petition to my threshold of felicity [about the following matter]:Ashes called potash [Turkish: potāz; German: pottasche], which is produced by burning a sort of oak tree in the lands of Wallachia, is used in the lands of the aforementioned emperor by broadcloth producers. Accordingly, since the old days, they have been purchasing it through merchants, transporting and delivering to the required locations, and buying and selling it. However, recently, due to extraordinary levies and misfortunes (ʿillet), they gave up the practice. The ambassador requested my favors for the practice to continue as before for the benefit of both sides and to assign the trade [of potash] to the subjects of the aforesaid emperor based on the friendship and sincerity that has been arranged and reinforced between the two sides.Ashes called potash [Turkish: potaz; German: pottasche], which is produced by burning a sort of oak tree in the lands of Wallachia, is used in the lands of the aforementioned emperor by broadcloth producers. Accordingly, since the old days, they have been purchasing it through merchants, transporting and delivering to the required locations, and buying and selling it. However, recently, due to extraordinary levies and misfortunes ( illet), they gave up the practice. The ambassador requested my favors for the practice to continue as before for the benefit of both sides and to assign the trade [of potash] to the subjects of the aforesaid emperor based on the friendship and sincerity that has been arranged and reinforced between the two sides.On this issue, my imperial consent has been granted.Now, you are the aforementioned voivode! From whichever sort of oak and in whichever quarters of Wallachia ashes are produced by burning, the subjects of Wallachia who voluntarily carry out that work shall not be exempt under that pretext from jizya or taxes; it shall be carried out through you and under your supervision. There shall be locations that you designated as ash workshops. The trees that are required for the important affairs of my sublime state shall not be cut under any circumstances. On the condition that the required custom duty for the produced ash will be collected in accordance with the imperial letter of agreement (ʿahdnāme-i ḥumāyūn), you shall establish and designate workshops at suitable locations, store the produced ash, and assign the purchase and trade of the produced ash to the subjects of the aforesaid emperor. You shall not allow the person who will transport the ash to other lands to sell it to any individual other than the subjects of the aforesaid emperor. You shall put [this matter] in order in accordance with the specified conditions.Now, you are the aforementioned voivode! From whichever sort of oak and in whichever quarters of Wallachia ashes are produced by burning, the subjects of Wallachia who voluntarily carry out that work shall not be exempt under that pretext from jizya or taxes; it shall be carried out through you and under your supervision. There shall be locations that you designated as ash workshops. The trees that are required for the important affairs of my sublime state shall not be cut under any circumstances. On the condition that the required custom duty for the produced ash will be collected in accordance with the imperial letter of agreement ( ahdname-i humayun), you shall establish and designate workshops at suitable locations, store the produced ash, and assign the purchase and trade of the produced ash to the subjects of the aforesaid emperor. You shall not allow the person who will transport the ash to other lands to sell it to any individual other than the subjects of the aforesaid emperor. You shall put [this matter] in order in accordance with the specified conditions.And, in the unceasing protection of that order, you shall act as per the pillars of my noble order of exalted rank and you shall always operate and act as per its exalted purview. My illustrious edict has been issued in this regard. So have I commanded!March 11 to 20, 1720