Die Großbotschaften Damian Hugo von Virmonts und Ibrahim Paschas (1719/20)Abschrift des sultanischen Dekrets (nīşān-ı hümāyūn/berat); Istanbul, 14. Dezember – 23. Dezember 1719Copy of the sultan’s imperial charter; Istanbul, December 14 – December 23, 1719Sultanın beratı (nīşān-ı hümāyūn); İstanbul, 14 Aralık – 24 Aralık, 1719Unknownota1719-12-14 ~ 1719-12-23Düvel-i Ecnebiye DefteriRegister of Foreign StatesRegister ausländischer StaatenNīşān-ı hümāyūn oldur ki:Nişan-ı hümayun oldur ki:Ḳıdvetü ümerāʾi’l-milleti’l-mesīḥiyye Romā imperāṭorı ṭarafından büyükilçilik ile der-i devlet-medāruma gelen Cenerāl Ġrūf de Virmond ḫutimet ʿavāḳibühū bi-l-ḫayr südde-i saʿādetüme mühürlü ʿarż-ı ḥāl gönderübKıdvetü ümera i’l-milleti’l-mesihiyye Roma imperatorı tarafından büyükilçilik ile der-i devlet-medaruma gelen Ceneral Ġruf de Virmond hutimet avakibühu bi-l-hayr südde-i sa adetüme mühürlü arz-ı hal gönderübDevlet-i ʿAliyyem ile müşārün ileyh Romā imperāṭorı beyninde vāḳiʿ olan ṣulḥ ve ṣalāḥ muḳteżāsınca memālik-i maḥrūsemde Sāḳız cezīresine müşārün ileyhüñ bayraġıyla gelüb gidüb reʿāyāsınuñ vāḳiʿ olan umūr ve ḥuṣūṣlarını görmek üzere cezīre-i mezbūreye bir tercümān naṣbı iḳtiżā eylemekle rāfiʿ-i tevḳīʿi refʿīʿü ş-şān-ı ḫāḳānī Vincāco (Vincenzo) Moroni veled-i Kurūmī tercümān naṣb ve taʿyīn olunub ʿahdnāme mūcebince olıgeldügi üzere berāt-ı şerīfüm virilmek bābında ʿināyet ricā eylemegin bu nīşān-ı hümāyūn virdüm.Devlet-i Aliyyem ile müşarün ileyh Roma imperatorı beyninde vaki olan sulh ve salah muktezasınca memalik-i mahrusemde Sakız ceziresine müşarün ileyhüñ bayraġıyla gelüb gidüb re ayasınuñ vaki olan umur ve hususlarını görmek üzere cezire-i mezbureye bir tercüman nasbı iktiza eylemekle rafi -i tevki i ref i ü ş-şan-ı hakani Vincaco (Vincenzo) Moroni veled-i Kurumi tercüman nasb ve ta yin olunub ahdname mucebince olıgeldügi üzere berat-ı şerifüm virilmek babında inayet rica eylemegin bu nişan-ı hümayun virdüm.Ve buyurdum ki mesfūr Vincāo (Vincenzo) MoroniThe Austrian ambassador Virmont reported the appointment of Vincenzo Moroni to Vienna in his letter dated January 29, 1720. The purpose of the appointment was to help with the commercial matters and monitor the implementation of the newly granted religious privileges to the Catholics. veled-i Kurūmī vech-i meşrūḥ üzere cezīre-i mezbūrede tercümān olub tercümānlıḳ ḫidmetinde olanlar ve oġulları ve ḫidmetkārları ve cāriyeleri ḫarāc ve ʿavārıż ve ḳaṣṣāb aḳçası ve resm-i üsārā ve sāʾir tekālīf-i ʿörfiyye ṭalebiyle rencīde ve remīde olunmayub ve ḳul ve cāriye istiḫdām idermişsün diyü kimesne ḫarāc ve rüsūm ve bāc ṭalebiyle daḫl ve rencīde eylemeye ve gendünüñ maṣraf ve hedāyāsına ve ḳadīmden geydügi melbūsāt ve mefrūşāt ve meʾkūlāt ve meşrūbātına kimesne daḫl ve rencīde eylemeyüb ḳadīmden olıgeldügi üzere ʿafv olunub ve rüsūm-ı gümrük ve bāc ṭaleb olunmaya ve evlerine ʿasākir-i ḳonak ḳonulmaġa rencīde olunmaya ve gendü bāġında ḥāṣıl olan şırādan ḫamr emīni ve voyvodaları ve sāʾirlerden olıgeldügi üzere foçi aḳçası ṭaleb eylemeyüb gendüsi ve evlādı ve taṣarrufında olan cāriyeleri ḫarāc ve ʿavārıżdan ve ve ḳaṣṣāb aḳçası ve resm-i maṣdariyyeden ve tekālīf-i ʿörfiyyenüñ cümlesinden muʿāf ve müsellem olubVe buyurdum ki mesfur Vincao (Vincenzo) MoroniThe Austrian ambassador Virmont reported the appointment of Vincenzo Moroni to Vienna in his letter dated January 29, 1720. The purpose of the appointment was to help with the commercial matters and monitor the implementation of the newly granted religious privileges to the Catholics. veled-i Kurumi vech-i meşruh üzere cezire-i mezburede tercüman olub tercümanlık hidmetinde olanlar ve oġulları ve hidmetkarları ve cariyeleri harac ve avarız ve kassab akçası ve resm-i üsara ve sa ir tekalif-i örfiyye talebiyle rencide ve remide olunmayub ve kul ve cariye istihdam idermişsün diyü kimesne harac ve rüsum ve bac talebiyle dahl ve rencide eylemeye ve gendünüñ masraf ve hedayasına ve kadimden geydügi melbusat ve mefruşat ve me kulat ve meşrubatına kimesne dahl ve rencide eylemeyüb kadimden olıgeldügi üzere afv olunub ve rüsum-ı gümrük ve bac taleb olunmaya ve evlerine asakir-i konak konulmaġa rencide olunmaya ve gendü baġında hasıl olan şıradan hamr emini ve voyvodaları ve sa irlerden olıgeldügi üzere foçi akçası taleb eylemeyüb gendüsi ve evladı ve tasarrufında olan cariyeleri harac ve avarızdan ve ve kassab akçası ve resm-i masdariyyeden ve tekalif-i örfiyyenüñ cümlesinden mu af ve müsellem olubve mezbūr ile her kimüñ daʿvāsı olur ise ellerinde olan ʿahdnāme-i hümāyūn mūcebince āsitāne-i saʿādetüme ḥavāle olunub ġayrı yirde istimāʿ olunmaya baʿżı zamānda bir yire gitmek istedükde gidişde ve gelişde ḳaradan ve deryādan menāzil ve merāḥilde gendüye ve esvāb ve ṭavarlarına ve emvāl ve erzāḳına ve yanında olan ādamlarına ulaḳ ve ulaḳ aḳçasından ve ġayrı cānibden kimesne daḫl ve taʿarruż olunmayub ve her ḳanda dāḫıl olur ise zād u zevād ve sāʾir ẕaḫīresi narḫ-ı rūzī üzere aḳçasıyla virilüb bir ferd taʿallül ve nizāʿ eylemeyeve mezbur ile her kimüñ da vası olur ise ellerinde olan ahdname-i hümayun mucebince asitane-i sa adetüme havale olunub ġayrı yirde istima olunmaya ba zı zamanda bir yire gitmek istedükde gidişde ve gelişde karadan ve deryadan menazil ve merahilde gendüye ve esvab ve tavarlarına ve emval ve erzakına ve yanında olan adamlarına ulak ve ulak akçasından ve ġayrı canibden kimesne dahl ve ta arruz olunmayub ve her kanda dahıl olur ise zad u zevad ve sa ir zahiresi narh-ı ruzi üzere akçasıyla virilüb bir ferd ta allül ve niza eylemeyeve maḫūf ve muḫāṭara olan yirlerde başına aḳ ṣarınubWrapping white or putting a white cap on head was a practice of janissaries. What is likely meant here was that the dragomans were allowed to put on a janissary attire when they traveled through places that were known to be dangerous and insecure for travelers. ve ḳılıç ve oḳ ve yay ve sāʾir ālāt-ı ḥarb götürdükde ḳāḍīlar ve beglerbegiler ve ġayrıden bir ferd rencīde eylemeyüb olıgeldügi üzere ḥimāyet ve ṣiyānet ve anuñ gibi teʿaddī ve tecāvüz üzere olanlar menʿ ve defʿ olunub dāʾimā işbu nīşān-ı hümāyūnumuñ mażmūn-ı münīfiyle ʿamel olunub ḫilāfına rıżā ve cevāz gösterilmeye şöyle bileler.ve mahuf ve muhatara olan yirlerde başına ak sarınubWrapping white or putting a white cap on head was a practice of janissaries. What is likely meant here was that the dragomans were allowed to put on a janissary attire when they traveled through places that were known to be dangerous and insecure for travelers. ve kılıç ve ok ve yay ve sa ir alat-ı harb götürdükde kaḍilar ve beglerbegiler ve ġayrıden bir ferd rencide eylemeyüb olıgeldügi üzere himayet ve siyanet ve anuñ gibi te addi ve tecavüz üzere olanlar men ve def olunub da ima işbu nişan-ı hümayunumuñ mazmun-ı münifiyle amel olunub hilafına rıza ve cevaz gösterilmeye şöyle bileler.fī evāil-i Ṣafer sene 1132fi evail-i Safer sene 1132So is the imperial sign (nīşān-ı hümāyūn):So is the imperial sign (nişan-ı hümayun):General [Damian Hugo] Count of Virmont—may God end his days propitiously—who came to my gate that is the center of state as grand ambassador from the Roman emperor, the paragon of the great commanders of the community of Messiah, sent a sealed petition to my threshold of felicity [about the following matter]:In accordance with the peace and reconciliation that occurred between my sublime state and the aforesaid Roman emperor, it is required to appoint to the island of Chios in my well-protected domains an interpreter who may travel there under the flag of the Roman emperor in order to take care of matters and issues that may arise concerning [the Roman emperor’s] subjects. Thus, the ambassador requested my favor, as it has been the practice in accordance with the imperial letter of agreement (ʿahdnāme-i ḥumāyūn), to issue my most noble charter to appoint and designate Vincenzo Moroni, son of Kurumi, the bearer of the imperial sign of exalted fame.In accordance with the peace and reconciliation that occurred between my sublime state and the aforesaid Roman emperor, it is required to appoint to the island of Chios in my well-protected domains an interpreter who may travel there under the flag of the Roman emperor in order to take care of matters and issues that may arise concerning [the Roman emperor’s] subjects. Thus, the ambassador requested my favor, as it has been the practice in accordance with the imperial letter of agreement ( ahdname-i humayun), to issue my most noble charter to appoint and designate Vincenzo Moroni, son of Kurumi, the bearer of the imperial sign of exalted fame.[Upon his request,] I issued this charter and I order that Vincenzo Moroni, son of Kurumi (?) shall be an interpreter on the aforementioned island in the described way. Those who are interpreters, their sons, servants, and women in their household shall not be injured and disturbed with the claims of tribute, levies, dues for goods in transit (ḳaṣṣāb aḳçasi, lit. 'butcher’s fee'), or other extraordinary taxes. No one shall interfere with or injure – claiming tribute, fees, and toll – under the pretext that he employs slaves and women. No one shall interfere with and injure him due to his expenses and gifts, the garments that he wears since a long time ago, his fabrics, his provisions, and his drinks. He shall be excused as it has been the practice since a long time ago. No customs duty and toll shall be claimed. He shall not be injured through the appointment of a military officer at their house. For the must that is produced from his own vineyard, the wine superintendent and voivodes shall not claim barrel money as it has been the practice for others. Himself, his children, and the women under his authority shall be exempt and delivered from tribute, extraordinary tax, dues for goods in transit (ḳaṣṣāb aḳçası, lit. 'butcher’s fee'), export fee (maṣdariyye), wine tax, and all the extraordinary levies.[Upon his request,] I issued this charter and I order that Vincenzo Moroni, son of Kurumi (?) shall be an interpreter on the aforementioned island in the described way. Those who are interpreters, their sons, servants, and women in their household shall not be injured and disturbed with the claims of tribute, levies, dues for goods in transit (kassab akçasi, lit. 'butcher’s fee'), or other extraordinary taxes. No one shall interfere with or injure – claiming tribute, fees, and toll – under the pretext that he employs slaves and women. No one shall interfere with and injure him due to his expenses and gifts, the garments that he wears since a long time ago, his fabrics, his provisions, and his drinks. He shall be excused as it has been the practice since a long time ago. No customs duty and toll shall be claimed. He shall not be injured through the appointment of a military officer at their house. For the must that is produced from his own vineyard, the wine superintendent and voivodes shall not claim barrel money as it has been the practice for others. Himself, his children, and the women under his authority shall be exempt and delivered from tribute, extraordinary tax, dues for goods in transit (kassab akçası, lit. 'butcher’s fee'), export fee (masdariyye), wine tax, and all the extraordinary levies.When someone has a case against him, the case shall be referred to my threshold of felicity as per the imperial letter of agreement in his posession and the case shall not be heard elsewhere. At certain times, when he wishes to go somewhere, as he comes and goes on land and sea, at stations on the road, and during stages of the journey, no one from among couriers or [those claiming] courier fees - or [others] based on other excuses - shall interfere and attack him, his clothes, his flock of animals, his properties, and his provisions. In whichever location he enters, his victuals, provisions for the journey, and cereals shall be given in return for the fixed price. No one shall seek an excuse to avoid or dispute it.Neiter judges nor provincial governors nor a single person from among the rest shall disturb him when he, at dangerous and insecure places, puts on a white cap on his head (başına aḳ ṣarınub, lit. ‘wraps white on his head’) and takes with him a sword, an arrow, a bow, and other equipment; they shall guard and protect as it has been the practice. Those who do wrong and attack shall be prevented and repelled. At all times, [you] should act as required by the exalted purview of our imperial charter/sign (nīşān-ı hümāyūn). No consent or permission shall be shown to the contrary. So shall you know and [have confidence] in the noble mark!Neiter judges nor provincial governors nor a single person from among the rest shall disturb him when he, at dangerous and insecure places, puts on a white cap on his head (başına ak sarınub, lit. ‘wraps white on his head’) and takes with him a sword, an arrow, a bow, and other equipment; they shall guard and protect as it has been the practice. Those who do wrong and attack shall be prevented and repelled. At all times, [you] should act as required by the exalted purview of our imperial charter/sign (nişan-ı hümayun). No consent or permission shall be shown to the contrary. So shall you know and [have confidence] in the noble mark!December 14 to December 23, 1719