Early Medieval Glosses And The Question Of Their Genesis: A Case Study On The Vienna Bede

About the Vienna Bede

Physical description

• Material: Parchment
• Dimensions: 300mm x 245mm
• Condition: "The manuscript is in a bad condition, damaged by water and wormholes, and part of folio four has been cut away" (Bauer 2017, 30).
• Folios count: 4
• Foliation: Foliation in Arabic numerals is not visible on folio 1. Folio 2 is numbered in red on the bottom of column b and folio 3 in grey on the top of column b. Folio 4 is numbered twice on the bottom of column b: first in red and then in grey.
• Layout: The folios usually have two columns and between 40-47 lines (depending on the condition of the folio).
• Binding: 19th century library binding (half parchment)
• Hand: One main hand in Insular minuscule. The name of the scribe is unknown.

History

• Date: Late 8th to early 9th century.
• Place: Unknown, but "somehow connected with the Karlsruhe Bede" (Dillon 1956, 341).
• Provenance: Unknown before the 18th century.
• Acquisition: There is no record of the acquisition of no. 2269. First catalogued in the 18th century. E cod. P.V.2269. [REc. 429.] fol. 1r

Selected bibliography

• Bauer, Bernhard (2017). 'New and corrected MS readings of the Old Irish glosses in the Vienna Bede', in Ériu 67, 29-48.
• Dillon, Myles (1956). 'The Vienna glosses on Bede', in Celtica 3, 340-345.
• Stokes, Whitley (1872). Goidelica: Old and Early-Middle-Irish Glosses, Prose and Verse. London: Truebner and co, 51-53.
• Stokes, Whitley and Strachan, John (1901-1903). Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus, vol. I and II. Cambridge: University Press.
• Strachan, John (1902). 'The Vienna Fragments of Bede', in Revue Celtique 23, 40-49.
• Zimmer, Heinrich (1881). Glossae Hibernicae. Würzburg: Weidmannos, 253-258.

The two views of the edition

• The "Facsimile" view offers the text (arranged by folios and columns) on the left. The lines of the main text are numbered on the left. Marginal and intercolumnar glosses appear in their respective column. Interlinear glosses are shown on top of the line of their gloss anchor. Hovering over these anchors opens a tooltip which offers further information on the gloss, i.e. the gloss number, the gloss and a translation. The facsimile with several controls on top of it are found to the right of the text. The facsimile stems from the Austrian National Library and can be viewed here. The controls allow to switch between abbreviated and expanded forms and also to show/hide the glosses, chapter titels, folio numbers, and the pagenumbers of Jones' edition.
• The "Text Only" view is in the form of a table. Once again the line numbers of the main text are presented, but in this case also the folio number and the column are added: "1ra1" therefore means the first line in column a of folio 1 recto. Glosses appear underneath the line of their respective lemma. The first column offers the gloss number (functioning as a link to the gloss list) and the gloss type (interlinear, marginal, or intercolumnar) followed by the text of the gloss anchor. Then comes the gloss in bold typeset and the translation. For Old Irish glosses two icons serve as links to the respective entry in CorPH and the page of the Thesaurus Palaehibernicus. Parallel glosses are found indented in the following rows.

Editorial model

Representation of the Vienna Bede

Macro structure

• Manuscript page break is modeled with the <pb> element and the attributes @n (foliation count) and @type = "manuscript".
• Line break is modeled with the <lb>. For specific displaying purposes in the "Text Only" view, each line of the main text is furthermore modeled with an <ab> element @ana = "#line".
• Column break is modeled with the <cb> and the attribute@n (alphabetical column count as well as marginal and intercolumnar).
• Chapters in DTR are modeled with the <div> and the attributes @type = "chapter" and @n for the chapter number and title.
• Corresponding page breaks in Jones' edition are modeled with <pb> and the attributes @n (page number) and @type = "edition".

Micro structure

• Gloss anchors (i.e. the position of the gloss within the main text) are modeled using the <seg> element and a @xml:id attribute which refers to the page and line in Jones' edition.
• Glosses are modeled with the <gloss> element. They have their specific @xml:id attributes and are all interlinked to their respective "gloss anchor" using the @target attribute. Their are furthermore annotated with the following attributes:
  • @type: interlinear, marginal, columnar
  • @subtype: monolingual, bilingual
  • @ana: in which the respective languages are recorded
  Each gloss features a <ref> element (@type = "manuscript") which refers to the corresponding page of the digital representation of the manuscript. Where applicable there are also two further <ref> elements: one with the @type = "Thesaurus" which refers to the position of the gloss in the Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus including a hyperlink to the publication on https://archive.org and another one with the @type = "CorPH" which refers to the corresponding analysis of the gloss in the Corpus Palaeohibernicum. Furthermore, a <note> element with the @type = "translation" offers a translation for the gloss and another <note> element with the @type = "glossing" shows what is actually glosses in the main text (both interlinked with the gloss through a @target element).
• Parallel glosses are modeled using the <app> element. The main gloss which features all the elements laid out above is modeled as <lem>. Each of the parallel glosses appears as <rdg> which is modeled like a gloss.
• Within glosses every token is annotated with the <w> element and gets their individual ID (@xml:id). They are modeled using the following attributes:
  • <lemma>
  • <POS>: Part of speech according to the classifications of the Universal Dependencies.
  • <msd>: morphological analysis according to the guidelines established in the Corpus Palaeohibernicum. The Old Irish analyses are imported from the latter. The analyses for the Latin glosses are established using the Classical Language Toolkit.

Abbreviations

Editorial reconstruction

• "Faded": the text is faded on the manuscript.
• "Hole": there is a hole in the manuscript.

• The "Facsimile" view offers the text (arranged by folios and columns) on the left. The lines of the main text are numbered on the left. Marginal and intercolumnar glosses appear in their respective column. Interlinear glosses are shown on top of the line of their gloss anchor. Hovering over these anchors opens a tooltip which offers further information on the gloss, i.e. the gloss number, the gloss and a translation. The facsimile with several controls on top of it are found to the right of the text. The facsimile stems from the Austrian National Library and can be viewed here. The controls allow to switch between abbreviated and expanded forms and also to show/hide the glosses, chapter titels, folio numbers, and the pagenumbers of Jones' edition.
• The "Text Only" view is in the form of a table. Once again the line numbers of the main text are presented, but in this case also the folio number and the column are added: "1ra1" therefore means the first line in column a of folio 1 recto. Glosses appear underneath the line of their respective lemma. The first column offers the gloss number (functioning as a link to the gloss list) and the gloss type (interlinear, marginal, or intercolumnar) followed by the text of the gloss anchor. Then comes the gloss in bold typeset and the translation. For Old Irish glosses two icons serve as links to the respective entry in CorPH and the page of the Thesaurus Palaehibernicus. Parallel glosses are found indented in the following rows.

Character representation

How to cite

Bauer, Bernhard. 2023. Gloss-ViBe - A digital edition of the Vienna Bede. Beta Version. Graz: Zentrum für Informationsmodellierung. hdl.handle.net/11471/562.70 (GAMS. 562.70). (Accessed 2023-03-28Z).